Essay --

My initial inspiration for this piece was Trifles, which funnily enough only shares the characteristic of detectives being involved inside the plot. As per suggestion on my proposal, I developed my idea of detectives solving a case further by including dialogue and inter-personnel relationships similar to those found in Glengarry Glen Ross. Taking the idea of different members of the real-estate office discussing work and plotting in Glengarry Glen Ross, and applying them to a trio of detectives on a case was interesting to say the least. Upon first cerebration of what I wanted to get across, I knew that some form of conspiracy was going to be present. This was done in the revelation at the end that Chris truly was working with their chief to kill off a few of the members on the force. The solving of the murders would look good for the precinct and as an added incentive Chris would get a raise. In hindsight, there is a possible allusion to the plot point in Glengarry where Moss con spires to steal the leads from the office (or at least get someone to do it). I ab initio based the fo...

The Beard Makes the Man :: Ancient Greece Greek Essays

The Beard Makes the ManFor the ancient Athenians, the beard was a common sign of manhood. The coming of a beard signaled a males transition from boyhood into manhood. Men who lost their beards did non suffer loss of political rights or loss of privileges, but they were mocked and shamed. The beard, not height or body shape, interestingly, was considered the initial marker of manhood in the plays of Aristophanes. A beard is an easily recognizable and observable, and the lack or presence of a beard is easily changed for the stage by covering the actors beard with a mask or giving him a fake beard. The beard was clearly a particularly meaningful secondary characteristic for the Greeks.For the ancient Greeks, the beard was incredibly closely tied to the idea of manhood. In some cases, the intelligence operation for beard could even be interchanged with the word for man. Men grow sensory hair on their faces, women do not, but a mans facial hair is easily removed by shaving. For this cu lture, the removal of the beard was a removal of a crucial element of manhood. Without a beard, a man was woman- handle, despite any(prenominal) other characteristics that might distinguish him as a man. To become like a woman, a man merely had to remove his beard, but to become like a man, a woman had to disguise herself in many more ways.The beard, as a cultural way to distinguish men, is based on the biologic phenomenon that males begin to grow hair on their faces during puberty. Despite seemingly being an easy way to separate men from women and children, the presence of a beard is not an all or none situation. A pubescent male will not go to bed bare-cheeked and wake up the next morning with a sufficient beard. Puberty is a gradual process occurring over many years, and some men may never grow a completely full beard, even in maturity. As today, some women of ancient Athens must have themselves been quite hairy around the hair line, jaw, and upper lip. The beard is not as cle ar a man/boy or man/woman differentiation as it may initially seem. The beard is not a completely clear physical or biological trait, but it was clearly a significant characteristic for the ancient Athenians.In Aristophaness play Women at the Thesmophoria, the kinsman of Euripides tries to pass for a woman by shaving his beard and singeing his pubic hair.

September 11 and the Ethics of Jihad Essay -- September 11 Terrorism E

September 11 and the Ethics of jihad The Western world has presbyopic been aware of the anti-Jewish, anti-Christian, and anti-American rhetoric taught by extremist Muslim groups. The concept of jihad existed as a vague notion one of those Islamic things something to do with the disputes in the Middle East. On September 11, 2001, the topic suddenly gained paramount importance in the mind of the common man. I will shed my rail line for you, Oh Palestine, take back the land that is ours. I am not afraid of suicide, God will receive me for I will be a martyr. Jihad is my destiny, my life. Chants taught in Palestinian elementary schools.1 Jihad came under additional scrutiny as word spread of the fax that Osama bin Laden allegedly displace to the al-Jazeera television station in Qatar later in September.2 Bin Ladens fax was a call to Pakistani Muslims to participate in jihad against the United States. We do our Muslim brothers in Pakistan to deter with all their capabilities the American crusaders from invading Pakistan and Afganistan... I assure you, dear brothers, that we are firm on the road of jihad... to destroy the sunrise(prenominal) Jewish Crusade.3 The fax forced Muslims and non-Muslims worldwide to consider, even if only for an instant, the validity of the claim. Was this a legitimate application of jihad? Were all Muslims compelled to fight alongside the Taliban? Even as the war in Afghanistan draws to an apparent close, the question is still worthy of consideration, for if bin Laden is correct, then non-Muslim nations are literally powerless to digest themselves against Muslim nations without creating a monstrous backlash from all Muslims of the world who heed the holy call. ... ... (Baltimore, 1955). Ostling, Richard N. Islams Idea of beatified War. Time, 11 February 1991, 51. Peters, Rudolph. Islam and Colonialism The Doctrine of Jihad in current History (The Hague, Netherlands 1979). The Quran The Eternal Revelation vouchsafed t o Muhammad, The Seal of the Prophets. Trans. Muhammad Zafrulla Khan. (New York, 1997). Ryan, Patrick J. The Roots of Muslim Anger The Religious and Political Background of Worldwide Islamic Militancy Today. America, 26 November 2001, 8. Sivan, Emmanuel. The Holy War Tradition in Islam. Orbis 42, no. 2 (1998) 171. Streusand, Douglas E. What Does Jihad Mean? September 1997. (5 December, 2001). Text of Alleged Bin Laden Fax. CBS News, 24 September 2001. (31 October 2001). Watt, W. Montgomery. come with to the Quran Based on the Arberry Translation (London, 1967).

The Days of the Bomb :: Essays Papers

The Days of the Bomb The main goal of the Pacific War was to stop the Japanese from getting out of control. The U.S. disposal needed to send a message that Japan cannot be allowed to carry out their military imperialism. By 1945, the War in the Pacific was turning rapidly to the coupled States favor. The United States multitude was island hopping, taking each island and moving on to the next, toward the Japanese mainland. However, the Japanese refused surrender. They withstood each attack and refused to run until fully defeated. Although, the United States Army was relentlessly and inevitably moving towards the Japanese mainland, the Army was still losing troops and equipment. Army officials estimated it would take until the fall of the following year to reach the main island of Japan. In that time, several hundred thousand lives would be lost on both sides. The Japanese were showing absolutely no sign of surrender. The United States had to do something forceful to end the war . They had effective one option the atomic bomb. An experiment had been conducted in New Mexico involving the harnessing of the power of the atom. This device would be used in the bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki as the United States chance to end World War II quickly. The decision to drop the bomb on Hiroshima came directly from then President Harry S Truman. excess American lives were lost each day. However, Truman knew about the successful testing of the atomic bomb. On the advice of his cabinet, he decided that the bomb was to be used as currently as humanly possible. The whole idea of the atomic bomb was to use it solely as a military weapon, just as any submarine sandwich or grenade. Truman knew that unleashing the power of atomic energy in the form of a weapon would have serious consequences on the entire world. However, looking at the exit of war, there was no doubt that World War II was already having that affect on the globe. The bomb was just part of the whole war. Truman, in his memoirs, level off said, I regarded the bomb as a military weapon and never had any doubt that it should be used.1 Any effects of the bomb would just be casualties of war. Winston Churchill, Prime Minister of Great Britain, also saw the bomb as the only way to end the war.

Army Cadets at Newcastle Under Lyme School often use their .22 ranges :: Computer Science

Army Cadets at Newcastle Under Lyme School often use their .22 arranges and find it extremely hard to see what their shoot add up is mid-way with the shoot.ProblemArmy Cadets at Newcastle Under Lyme School often use their .22 rangesand find it extremely hard to see what their shoot total is mid-waythrough the shoot. They contributenot view the target through the sights onthe rifles, as the sights ar iron sights. A solution is requiredwhereby this problem can be cured, and the individual torpedos canview their statistics with minimal movement required.BriefI am to design a system whereby shooters bequeath be able to view theirscore for that crabbed shoot session and excessively view their statisticsupon the same piece of machinery.Continued...The primary output of this product is to be 2 seven- fragment displays,which show you the overall score of the shooter after each shot. Thesecondary output of this product is to be more seven-segment displays,which display relevant piece s of information regarding the shootersstatistics, in accordance with their score.The seven segment displays which are to be used will be of variedsizes as the primary seven segment displays are to be larger than thesecondary seven segment displays as to let the user view his or herscore with great ease.The approximate cost of the product is to be something around theregion of about 25 as to cover the cost of manufacture, components,storage and the battery. The exact cost at this time remains obliviousto me but this is a rough estimate of what the final examination cost may be.The ease of use is inevitable as this product is to be used primarilyby cadets from the Newcastle Under Lyme School CCF therefore mixedmanual operations conducted by the user are not required within theproduct.It is unclear at this time to determine what the customers will be nimble to pay as no primary research has been conducted into thematter. In the coarse of this coursework primary research will becondu cted and questions such as How much will the customers beprepared to pay? will be answered.This product will be designed to be primarily used on a 30m rangetherefore I will incorporate 3.5mm jacks within the casing which willlead to the pressure pads which are to be approximately 30m away, butthis is also dependant on where the product is placed on the range.The pressure pads will be placed behind the target in a manner bywhich they can still sense the impact of the .2 rounds and at the same

Army Cadets at Newcastle Under Lyme School often use their .22 ranges :: Computer Science

Army Cadets at Newcastle chthonic Lyme School often use their .22 ranges and find it extremely enceinte to touch what their shoot total is mid-way through the shoot.ProblemArmy Cadets at Newcastle Under Lyme School often use their .22 rangesand find it extremely hard to see what their shoot total is mid-waythrough the shoot. They stick outnot view the target through the sights onthe rifles, as the sights are iron sights. A solution is requiredwhereby this problem can be cured, and the individual shooters canview their statistics with minimal movement required.BriefI am to design a system whereby shooters will be open to view theirscore for that particular shoot session and also view their statisticsupon the same piece of machinery.Continued...The primary output of this product is to be 2 seven-segment displays,which examine you the overall score of the shooter after each shot. Thesecondary output of this product is to be more seven-segment displays,which display relevant pieces of information regarding the shootersstatistics, in symmetry with their score.The seven segment displays which are to be utilise will be of variedsizes as the primary seven segment displays are to be big than thesecondary seven segment displays as to let the user view his or herscore with great ease.The approximate cost of the product is to be something most theregion of about 25 as to cover the cost of manufacture, components,storage and the battery. The exact cost at this time remains obliviousto me but this is a rough estimate of what the final cost may be.The ease of use is inevitable as this product is to be used primarilyby cadets from the Newcastle Under Lyme School CCF therefore complexmanual operations conducted by the user are not required within theproduct.It is unclear at this time to check up on what the customers will beprepared to pay as no primary research has been conducted into thematter. In the coarse of this coursework primary research will beconducted and questions such(prenominal) as How much will the customers beprepared to pay? will be answered.This product will be designed to be primarily used on a 30m rangetherefore I will incorporate 3.5mm jacks within the casing which willlead to the pressure pads which are to be approximately 30m away, butthis is also dependant on where the product is placed on the range.The pressure pads will be placed behind the target in a manner bywhich they can still sense the impact of the .2 rounds and at the same

State Policy Affect on the Family (Uk)

Using information from Items B and C and elsewhere, examine the ways in which state polity may affect families and households State form _or_ system of government has an influence on families and households through the laws the government create, and the messages certain policies give. Item B says that The state has intervened significantly in families for a considerable length of time, showing how the government considers it part of their responsibility for the families of Britain.However, the state has been accused of not doing enough to protect the traditional thermonuclear family. some commentators hold up suggested that some liberal state policies, especially those introduced in the 1960s (such as the 1969 divorce act and the legalisation of homosexuality in 1967), be responsible for the perceived decline in traditional family values. Those who aver that the family is in decline can be grouped under the label in the raw right wing. They are usually conservative thinkers and politicians who believe strongly in tradition and dislike change.They believe that in that location was a golden age of the family, in which husbands and wives were strongly act to each other for life, and children were brought up to respect their parents, the authority, and the law. Item B says that conservative thinkers tend to believe that there has not been enough state input into defend the traditional family, or that state interference has actually contributed to the families decline by encouraging the development of deviant living arrangements. They believe that equal opportunities and the equal be commence legislation distracted women from their natural careers as mothers and wives. They say that the 1969 divorce reform act undermined the commitment to marriage and that homosexuality is unnatural and deviant. However, some state policies have tried to uphold the traditional family. Tax and welfare policies have generally favoured and encouraged heterosexual married couples rather than cohabiting couples, single parents and same-sex couples. Graham Allen (1985) said that there policies have discouraged cohabitation and lone-parent families.Policies such as the payment of child benefit to the mother, and the governments reluctance to fund free universal nurseries, have reinforced the idea that it is the woman (mother) who should invade prime responsibility for the children. Also, the fact a coordinated set of family policies was not introduced until 1999 may reflect the states leaning to see the family as a semiprivate institution, and therefore reluctance to interfere. Nevertheless, the New right settle down think that government policies have damaged the nuclear family ideal.They claim that the government has encouraged women to return to work, and therefore damaged children by maternal deprivation. Morgan (2000) even suggests that the government is anti marriage, and that the government is responsible for deviant family types. Item C says that Dr Adrian Rodgers, of the group Family Focus, says that homosexual couples cannot be defined as families- the basis of true love is the ability to procreate and have children. The government has besides had a positive effect on the individuals within the family. Conservative government made marital rape illegal in 1991, and the childrens acts (e. 1989) have change magnitude rights for women and children within the family. Many people believe that this has strengthened the family, although others believe that this had undermined traditional male dominance within the family. Feminists say that the male dominance within the family is called private patriarchy, and in order to eradicate male dominance in society, we must first eradicate private patriarchy, which several state policies have attempted to do. In 2003, Labour appointed a Minister for children, and in 2007 they formed the Department for Children, Schools and Families.Lewis (2007) says that Labour have taken a social investment in children and have increasingly recognized that family forms are changing. Lone mothers are no longer condemned as a moral problem and threat. Labour introduced policies such as the New Deal of 1998 to help lone mothers get back into work. They have also invested in subsidies for nursery childcare, lengthened maternity leave from 14 weeks to 9 months, and introduced the right for parents of young children to ask for flexible working patterns from their employers.However, this has attracted criticism that it is undermining family privacy and has constructed a nanny state which over interferes in personal living arrangements. Furthermore, the government is still accused of conforming to familial ideology (the ideal family the preferred model is the traditional nuclear family with a clear sexual division of labour) in that the policy emphasis is still overwhelmingly on motherhood rather than parenting in general and fatherhood, for example in the way that there are limited rights of fathers to take paid paternity leave.Feminists have claimed that familial ideology is merely a patriarchal ideology, which ensures male dominance in the workplace. Oakley says that the government (and society) has the view that women have a maternal instinct, which follows on from the view that women, who choose not to have children, are deviant. In conclusion, the state has created many policies which affect families and households. The government can be seen to be encouraging marriage and discouraging cohabitation.Item C says that Lord Nicholls says that the family bond must be of a relationship which is permanent or at to the lowest degree intended to be so. Fox Harding (1996) argues that the best council housing is often allocated to married couples with children and the worst housing on problem estates are allocated to lone-parent families. This suggests that the tradition nuclear family is the dominant family type, and the government discouraged other types of fami lies. The state has also encouraged families to take responsibility for the elderly and long-term sick/disabled.Female members of the family often carry the lodge of this care, which means they are less likely to work full time and are more likely to be economically dependent on a man. This suggests that the government is reinforcing the traditional sexual division of labour. The new right say that the family is decline, but it may just be that it is simply changing, and the government changes its policies in concurrence to how families change or need to be changed for the better.

Part Six Chapter I

Weaknesses of Voluntary Bodies22.23 The main weaknesses of such bodies are that they are hard to launch, liable to disintegrate Charles Arnold-BakerLocal Council Administration,one-seventh EditionIMany, many times had Colin Wall imagined the police coming to his door. They arrived, at last, at dusk on Sunday evening a charr and a man, non to arrest Colin, but to look for his son.A fatal accident and Stuart, is it? was a witness. Is he at home?No, verbalize Tessa, oh, dear divinity Robbie Weedon but he lives in the Fields why was he here?The policewoman explained, kindly, what they believed to behave happened. The teenagers took their eye off him was the phrase she used.Tessa thought she might faint.You dont hold out where Stuart is? asked the policeman.No, said Colin, gaunt and shadow-eyed. Where was he last seen?When our colleague pulled up, Stuart seems to have, ah, run away.Oh, dear God, said Tessa again.Hes not answering, said Colin calmly he had already dialled Fats on his mobile. Well destiny to go and look for him.Colin had rehearsed for calamity all his life. He was ready. He took down his coat.Ill try Arf, said Tessa, running to the telephone.Isolated above the little town, no in averigence activity of the calamities had yet reached Hilltop House. Andrews mobile rang in the kitchen.Lo, he said, his mouth full of toast.Andy, its Tessa Wall. Is Stu with you?No, he said. Sorry.But he was not at all sorry that Fats was not with him.Somethings happened, Andy. Stu was down at the river with Krystal Weedon, and she had her little brother with her, and the boys drowned. Stus run run off somewhere. Can you think where he might be?No, said Andrew automatically, because that was his and Fats code. Never tell the parents.But the horror of what she had just told him crept through the phone like a clammy fog. Everything was suddenly less clear, less certain. She was about to hang up.Wait, Mrs Wall, he said. I might know theres a place down by the river I dont think hed go near the river now, said Tessa.Seconds flicked by, and Andrew was more and more convinced that Fats was in the Cubby Hole. Its the only place I can think of, he said.Tell me where Id have to show you.Ill be there in ten minutes, she shouted.Colin was already patrolling the avenues of Pagford on foot. Tessa drove the Nissan up the winding hill road, and found Andrew waiting for her on the corner, where he usually caught the bus. He directed her down through the town. The street lights were feeble by twilight.They parked by the trees where Andrew usually threw down Simons racing bike. Tessa got out of the car and followed Andrew to the edge of the water, puzzled and frightened.Hes not here, she said.Its along there, said Andrew, pointing at the sheer dark panorama of Pargetter Hill, running straight down to the river with barely a lip of bank before the rushing water.What do you mean? asked Tessa, horrified.Andrew had know from the first that she would not be a ble to come with him, short and dumpy as she was.Ill go and see, he said. If you wait here.But its too dangerous she cried all over the roar of the powerful river.Ignoring her, he reached for the familiar hand and footholds. As he inched away along the tiny ledge, the same thought came to both of them that Fats might have fallen, or jumped, into the river thundering so close to Andrews feet.Tessa remained at the waters edge until she could not make Andrew out any longer, then turned away, trying not to call option in case Stuart was there, and she needed to talk to him calmly. For the first time, she wondered where Krystal was. The police had not said, and her terror for Fats had obliterated every other concern Please God, let me sustain Stuart, she prayed. Let me find Stuart, please, God.Then she pulled her mobile from her cardigan pocket and called Kay Bawden.I dont know whether youve heard, she shouted, over the rushing water, and she told Kay the story.But Im not her social w orker any more, said Kay.Twenty feet away, Andrew had reached the Cubby Hole. It was pitch black he had never been here this late. He swung himself inside.Fats?He heard something move at the back of the hole.Fats? You there?Got a light, Arf? said an unrecognizable voice. I dropped my bloody matches.Andrew thought of shouting out to Tessa, but she did not know how long it took to reach the Cubby Hole. She could wait a few more moments.He passed over his lighter. By its flickering flame, Andrew saw that his friends appearance was almost as changed as his voice. Fats eyes were swollen his whole face looked puffy.The flame went out. Fats cigarette tip glowed bright in the darkness.Is he dead? Her brother?Andrew had not realized that Fats did not know.Yeah, he said, and then he added, I think so. Thats what I what I heard.There was a silence, and then a soft, piglet-like squeal reached him through the darkness.Mrs Wall, yelled Andrew, sticking his head out of the hole as far as it would go, so that he could not hear Fats sobs over the sound of the river. Mrs Wall, hes here

Developing Professional Practice Essay

1. Briefly explain how the CIPD HR Profession Map defines the HR profession, including the sea captain areas, the bands and the behaviours.The HR profession Map captures what successful and potent HR people do and deliver across every aspect and specialism of the profession, and set outs out the required activities, behaviour and knowledge.It look ats 10 professional areas and 8 behaviours, set out in 4 bands of competence. The Map covers every level of the HR profession Band 1 being the start of your HR career done to Band 4 for the most senior leaders.The bands set out what you motive to do and what you need to know for each area of the HR profession.As per the CIPD Website, the bands cover the following areasBand 1 Supports colleagues with administration and processes. Effectively manages information and date and is customer orientated. Band 2 Advises on and/or manages HR cerebrate issues relating to an case-by-case or at team. Has a clear understanding of the evaluation p rocess and the solutions available. Band 3 Leads a professional area acting as a consultant or partner, addresses key HR ch altogetherenges at an shapingal level for the medium and long term. Band 4 Leads and manages a professional area(s) and/or the organisation. Responsible for ontogenesis and delivering organisational and HR strategy.The two professional areas, Insight, Strategy and Solutions and Leading HR sit at the look of the profession and are applicable to all HR professionals, regardless of role, location or stage of their HR career.There are 8 behaviours that identify in detail how professionals need to carry out their activities and make a contribution to organisational success.The behaviours are Curious Decisive thinker Skilled kneadr Personally credible Collaborative Driven to deliver Courage to challenge Role gravelCIPD website refers to the HR Map asThis is a powerful and simple to use personal development tool for professionals operating at all levels in HR. non only is it free for members to use, weve as well carefully designed it to ensure that many of the suggested actions to help professionals progress are low-cost or no-cost which will be specially welcome at a time when the recession is ensuring resources for development are tight. Professionals washbowl use the tool to develop in their roles and pursue their career plans. We swear the discernments it delivers will quickly become a firm fixture in the performance and development reviews of HR professionals in organisations of all shapes and sizes and across all sectors. (Stephanie Bird, April 2010).2. mensurate how the two core professional areas, the bands and any two selected behaviours uphold the concept of HR Professionalism, giving two examples from the knowledge and activities at band 2.The two professional areas Insight, Strategy and Solutions and Leading HR sit at the heart profession and are applicable to all HR professionals. They underpin the direction of th e profession as an applied business discipline with a people and organisation discipline and describe how great HR professionals work for HRs purpose. HR jackpot only deliver its purpose of sustainable organisation performance if it works from a deep business, contextual and organisational understanding to develop actionable insight. This allows us to creative prioritised and situational strategies that make the most difference and build a compelling case for change. It includes Building a picture Developing actionable insight Delivering situational HR solutions that stick Building capacity and capability Working with agilityThe successful HR professional provides active, insight led leadership. Owning, shaping and driving themselves, otherwises and activity inside the organisation. They develop across three main areas of leadership personal leadership, leading others and leading issues.It includes Personal leadership Leading others HR function design and military service delivery HR recourse planning and delivery Delivering value and performance in HR teams Managing HR budgets and financesThis being based as the heart of the profession, there are 8 main behaviours expected, including Role Model Consistently leads by example. Acts with integrity, impartiality and independence, balancing personal, organisation and legal parameters. Skilled Influencer Demonstrates the ability to influence to gain the necessary support from drivers stakeholders in pursuit of organisational value.The CIPD (2005a) has stated that All personnel and development specialists mustiness be view performers. That is, their central task is to be knowledgeable and competent in their various fields and to be able to move beyond compliance to provide a critique of organisational policies and procedures and to advise on how organizations should develop in the future.HR professionals have to think carefully about what they are doing in the context of their organization and a t heart the framework of recognised personify of knowledge. They have to perform effectively in the sense of delivering advise, guidance and services that will help the organisation to achieve its goals.Legge (1995) made a similar direct when she referred to HRM as a process of thinking pragmatism. Harrison (2007) commented that the thinking performer philosophy focuses on the ways in which HR fields of activity should wed to produce a whole that is greater than the sum of its parts, on strategic awareness and on evidence based practice.The CIPD The Thinking Performer Concept (2007) believesThe non thinking performer will privately regard many of the things her or she is required to do as absurd, indefensible, inefficient, even immoral or corrupt, but will articulate nothing the non thinking performer is a lifetime liability to the organisation.Looking at the requirements in Band 2 of the HR Map, and taking into consideration the behaviours within this, you need to build stron g relationships with your customers. Managers need to feel comfortable approaching your for advise, and confident that you will be able to lead and advise them on the divert approach to take. You need to be skilled in influencing the manager to the correct way of thinking, to handle the situation in the correct manner, but also be flexible in your approach and listen to their ideas/requirements. And together, agree on the topper action and way forward.The need for HR theory, Ulrich (1997a) To make practices more than isolates acts managers and HR professionals must master the theory behind HR work they need to be able to explain conceptually how and why HR practices lead to their outcomes. Regardless of the preferent theory, managers and HR professionals should extract from it a higher level of reasoning for their day to day work and thus better explain why their work accomplishes goals.3. Explain, with related examples, why HR professionals need to be able to manage themselves, m anage groups or teams, manage upwardly and manage across the organisation.HR professionals provide insight led leadership. They need to own and shape themselves as well as others within the organisation. They need to personally lead themselves, as well as teams and upwards within the organisation.The definition of management as stated by Michael Armstrong is Management is defined as deciding what to do and then getting it done through the effective use of recourses. The main processes of management are planning, organizing, motivating and controlling.HRMagazine say HR must turn outside business trends and stakeholders expectations into internal actions, and should focus on both business results and human capital improvement. HR professionals should target both individual ability and organisation capabilities. HR is not an isolated activity, but sustainable and integrated solutions.An effective HR professional melds individual abilities into an effective and strong organisation by helping to define and build its organisation capabilities. Organisation is not a structure or process, it is a distinct set of capabilities. HR professionals stick out help line managers create meaning, so that the capability of the organisation reflects the deeper set of the employees.HR professionals are credible activists because they build their personal trust through business acumen. Credibility comes when HR professionals do what they promise, build personal relationships of trust and can be relied on.In order to be an effective HR professional, it is important that they are able to manage themselves in order to show their teams and organisation that they can be trusted. They can then go on to manage their teams effectively, through to managing across the organisation. HR professionals make change happen at institutional , scuttle and individual levels.1. Undertake a self-assessment against the specification of HR professional practice capabilities, such as the CIPD Associa te Membership criteria, to identify professional development needs. bring out appendix 1 for SWOT analysis.2. Evaluate and select at least three development options to meet your needs , explaining the advantages and disadvantages of each, and their fit with your preferred learning direction and career aspirations.Continued Professional Development (CPD) is a necessity in the HR environment. The profession is a very high pace with changes to the law and best coiffe. CPD makes sure your knowledge is up to date and fresh. New ideas and developments are happening all the time and being dedicated to CPD ensures you are professional and consistent. 20 days ago CPD was not widely spoken of, or used in the HR environment.Until recently the profession has not recognised the need to adhere to the requirements of other professional bodies (medical, law etc) as HR was seen as a job anyone could do, but the recent introduction of the HR standards and HR Map means all HR professionals need to continue with CPD to reflect the professionalism of their career. In recent years the concept of a job for life has subsided and now employees in all professions need to continue to prove their worth and stay valuable to the organisation. Keeping up to date with CPD means you are actively trying to develop yourself and have an stakes in developing yourself to benefit the organisation and profession.I have undertaken a SWOT analysis (Appendix 1) on my current developmental needs. I have also used the HR map to find out where my weaknesses lie as an HR professional. I found this exercise an interesting and useful tool for work out my developmental needs. I have included a Career Development Plan (Appendix 2), this shows my current development needs and I will be referring to them below. My first, and most important need, is an update on HR Law. This is needs so I can give better advice to managers and have the confidence to act on my own beliefs.My second is updating my knowledge on how to deal with Absence Management, a high level of absenteeism can be extremely costly to an organisation and I would like to develop my knowledge so I can help the absent employee and also help the organisations statistics and costs in turn.My third developmental need is Reward Strategies. I find the topic fresh and a lot of organisations are not fully using the strategies. I would like to enhance my knowledge and research best practise to see what recommendations I can make for the organisation I am employed by.I intend to run across these needs by taking advantage of courses offered by the CIPD, in house training and by attending the Intermediate Certificate in HR Management at Bridgwater College. It is also important for me to use other tools for learning, for example journals, on line resources and many of the books available at local libraries. To satisfy the needs for enhancing my knowledge of HR Law I will be attending the unit on the subject at Bridgwater College and I also regularly attend HR Breakfasts at FootAnstey Solicitors. They cover a wide range of topics, including sessions on Employment Law. Absence Management will be researched by looking at the media available, for example previous research and best practise. I will also look to attend relevant CIPD courses being held in the South West area. Reward strategies are reasonably new and important when it comes to employee satisfaction and retention. Researching the subject will enable me to make use of best practise and offer recommendations.

Lab Test: Tensile Testing

The mechanical strait-lacedties of veridicals are determined by performing carefully designed laboratory experiments that repeat as nearly as possible the service conditions. In real life, there are many factors involved in the nature in which adulterate are applied on a material. The next are some common examples of modes in which thins might be applied tractile, compressive, and shear. These properties are valuable In materials selections for mechanical design. Other factors that often complicate the design process Include temperature and time factors.The topic of this lab is confined to the waxy property of polymers. conception 1 shows a tensile testing machine similar to the one employ in this lab. This test is a destructive method, in which a precedent of a standard shape and dimensions (prepared according to ASTM D 638 standard test method for tensile properties of plastics) is subjected to an axial load. During a veritable(prenominal) tensile experiment, a dog-bon e shaped archetype Is gripped at Its two ends and Is pulled to elongate at a determined rate to Its breakpoint a highly ductile polymer may not reach its breakpoint.The tensile tester seed in this lab is manufactured by Insertion (model 5569). It has a maximum load of 2 or 50 ink and a variable pulling rate. The setup of the experiment could be changed to accommodate different types of mechanical testing, according to the ASTM standard (e. G. Compression test, etc). For analytical purposes, a plot of punctuate (o) versus strain (E) Is constructed during a tensile test experiment, which can be done automatically on the software provided by the instrument manufacturer. Stress, in the metric system, is ordinarily measured in N/ mm or Pa, such that 1 N/mm = 1 Pa.From the experiment, the value of stress is lactated by dividing the occur of pull back (F) applied by the machine in the axial direction by its cross-sectioned heavens (A), which is measured prior to running the experime nt. Mathematically, It Is expressed In compare 1. The strain values, which obligate no units, can be work out using Equation 2, where L Is the Instantaneous continuance of the type and LO Is the initial length. (Equation 1) (Equation 2) A typical stress-strain curve would look like Figure 2. The stress-strain curve shown In Figure 2 Is a textbook example of a stress-strain curve.In reality, not all stress-strain curves suddenly resemble the one shown In Figure 2. This stress-strain curve Is typical for ductile metallic elements. Another thing to take note is that Figure 2 shows an technology stress-strain curve. When a material reaches its ultimate stress strength of the stress-strain curve, its cross-sectional area reduces dramatically, a term known as necking. When the computer software plots the stress-strain curve, it assumes that the cross sectional area stays constant throughout the experiment, even during necking, therefore causing the curve to slope down.The true str ess- change in the cross sectional area of the specimen throughout the experiment. Theoretically, even without measuring the cross-sectional area of the specimen during the tensile experiment, the true stress-strain curve could still be constructed by assuming that the slew of the material stays the same. Using this concept, both the true stress (UT) and the true strain (ET) could be calculated using Equations 3 and 4, respectively. The derivation of these equations is beyond the ambit of this lab report. Consult any standard mechanics textbook to learn more about these equations.In these equations, LO refers to the initial length of the specimen, L refers o the instantaneous length and o refers to the instantaneous stress. (Equation 3) (Equation 4) Figure 2 also shows that a stress-strain curve is divided into four regions elastic, yielding, strain hardening (commonly occurs in metallic materials), and necking. The area on a lower floor the curve represents the amount of energy needed to accomplish each of these events. The total area under the curve (up to the point of fracture) is also known as the modulus of toughness.This represents the amount of energy needed to break the sample, which could be compared to the impact energy of the sample, determined from impact tests. The area under the linear region of the curve is known as the modulus of resilience. This represents the minimum amount of energy needed to deform the sample. The linear region of the curve of Figure 2, which is called the elastic region (past this region, is called the plastic region), is the region where a material behaves elastically. The material will return to its original shape when a force is released while the material is in its elastic region.The slope of the curve, which can be calculated using Equation 5, is a constant and is an intrinsic property of material known as the elastic modulus, E. In metric units, it is usually expressed in Pascal (Pa). (Equation 5) Figure 3(a) sho ws typical stress-strain curves of polymers. The figure shows that materials that are hard and brittle do not deform very much before breaking and have very steep elastic modulo. The mechanical property of polymers generally depends on their degree of crystalline, molecular weights and glass transition temperature, jerky.Highly crystalline polymeric materials with a Tug above the room temperature are usually brittle, and vice versa. When a semi-crystalline polymer undergoes a tensile test, the amorphous chains, will become aligned. This is usually evident for transparent and manifest materials, which become opaque upon turning crystalline. Figure 3(b) shows a diagram showing the mechanical property of some common polymers. Important Make sure you toil safety glasses before starting any operation. Your eyes could be hurt by a broken piece of polymer. Also wear gloves to defend against any residue on the machine and samples. . 1 Specimen Preparation The polymer specimens were inje ction-molded into dog-bone shapes. Their dimensions were determined according to the ASTM D 638 standard mentioned earlier in the introduction. (1) Measure the thickness, width and gage length of polymer samples in mm. These dimensions should be approximately the same for each sample. (2) Also pull ahead note of any sample defects (e. G. Impurities, air bubbles, etc. ). The following samples will be tested 1) Polypropylene (UP), polystyrene (AS), polycyclic acid (polymer), high density polyethylene (HIDE), and Dentally for analysis of mechanical properties. ) Polystyrene to compare make of feeding direction on mechanical properties. 3) Polypropylene to analyze effects of strain rate on mechanical properties. . 2 Bluebill Software Setup 1) Turn on the tensile test machine. The switch is located on the right side of the machine. Also turn on the video extensors. (2)Go to the desktop and double- check off on the Bluebill icon. (3) On the of import page, select rill to start a new sample. Name your test and click Browse to select the folder you would like to save it in. Click next. (4) make which method you would like to use.Create and save a new method if needed. (5) Method set up Save after any changes are made. General used for display purposes Specimen specifies sample dimensions and parameters. A doggone sample is used for tensile testing. Select rectangular, and specify the width, thickness and come cobblers last length of the sample. The gauge length is the remoteness between the clamps before starting the test. Control describes the actual test. Select extension for mode of displacement, then specify the rate of extension. Most use 5 mm/min or 50 min/mm, depending on if you want a slow or fast test.End of Test identifies the criteria for the end of the test. A large load drop is experienced when sample failure occurs. For this test, when the sample load drops by a certain percentage of the peak load, he machine will stop. data specifies if the dat a is acquired manually or automatically, while the strain tab recognizes whether the strain is measured from the video exterminates or the extension. Results and Graphs select what data is shown and how it is displayed. (1) Make sure the proper load cell is effectuateed, either 2 ink or 50 ink depending on the load range and sensitivity of the sample.To switch load cells, make sure the machine is off. Unscrew the bolts and remove using the handle. Make sure to plug the new load cell into the port behind the machine. (2) Calibrate the load cell by licking on the only whenton in the fastness right hand corner. Make sure all loads are take away from the load cell and click calibrate. (3) Install the correct type of clamps for the testing. For tensile testing, non or ink samples can be used. Install the clamps using the pins. Also install height brackets if needed. Zero the load once the clamps are installed. 4) Press the up and down arrows on the controller until the clamps are Jus t touching. Press the reset gauge length button at the top of the screen to zero the position of the clamps. (5) Use the up and down arrows until the clamps are about 100 mm apart. This is a typical gauge length for the dog bone samples. (6) Place the polymer sample between the grips of both the tensile test machine. While holding the sample vertically with one hand, use another hand to turn the handle of the top grip in the closing direction as tightly as possible. The specimen should be gripped such that the two ends of the specimen are covered by the grip, approximately 3 mm away from its gage-length. It is important that the specimens are tightly gripped onto the specimen grips to prevent slipping, which will otherwise result in experimental errors. ) (8) Make sure that the specimen s vertically aligned, if not a torsions force, rather than axial force, will result. (9) Turn the bottom handle in the close direction as tightly as possible. Visually verify that the sample is gripp ed symmetrically at its two ends. 10)Zero the extension by pushing zero extension button at the top of the screen. Also zero the load if needed. Wait for a hardly a(prenominal) seconds to let the computer return its value to zero. 2. 4 Tensile Test (1) Enter geometry of the sample before starting. (2) Click on the Start button. Both the upper and bottom grips will start moving in opposite directions according to the specified pulling rate. Observe the experiment at a safe space (about 1. 5 meters away) at an angle and take note of the failure mode when the specimen fails. (NOTE Be sure to wear safety glasses.Do not come close to equipment when the tensile test is running). (3) A plot of tensile stress (Amp) versus tensile strain (mm/mm) will be generated in real-time during the experiment. 2. 6 End of Test (1) The machine will stop automatically when the sample is broken. (2) Press the Return button on the digital controller. Both the upper and lower grips will be returned to their original positions automatically. 3) Turn the two handles in the open directions to remove the sample (4) Repeat the previous steps for any additional tests. 5) When finished, save your file and click Finish. This will export your data into a PDF and individual data files. (6) Clean up any broken fragments from the specimens. (7) Turn off the machine and exit the syllabus when finished. Graph UP (50 mm/mm extension), AS (2 feed inputs), PLAN, HIDE and Dentally results using raw data files. There should be two tests for each polymer, but Just pick one to graph. Construct the true stress-strain curves for each polymer (hint use Equations 3) and (4) provided in the Introduction section).Calculate Young Modulus for each material and testing condition and compare experimental values with literature values. Discuss any differences in mechanical behavior between the polymers (use pictures ) Analyze the fracture modes of each sample (ductile fracture, brittle fracture, or intermediate fra cture mode). Using the data for polypropylene, discuss the effects of strain rate on the mechanical behavior of the polymers. Using the data for polystyrene, compare effects of feed direction on the mechanical behavior. Explain any unexpected results.

Porter’s Five Forces Analysis Essay

Porters Five Forces Analysis Michael Porter provided a cloth that analyses an industriousness as being influenced by five forces. It has been suggested that management, attempting to establish a competitive marketing advantage over rivals, can use this model to determine the industry context in which the business operates and take appropriate strategic decisions. Threat of entry This means the ease with which opposite firms can join the industry and compete with existing businesses. The threat of entry is greatest when economies of scale atomic number 18 low in the industry technology needed to enter the industry is relatively cheap istribution channels are easy to access, e. g. retail shops are not owned by existing manufacturers in the industry there are no legal or patent restrictions on entry The importance of product differentiation is low, so extensive advertising may not be ask to get established. The power of buyers This refers to the power that customers commence on t he producing industry. For example, if there are four major supermarket groups that dominate this sector of retailing, their buyer power over provender and other producers will be great. Buyer power will also be increased when here are many undifferentiated meek render firms, e. g. many small farmers supplying milk or chicken to large supermarket businesses the cost of switching suppliers is low Buyers can realistically and easily buy from other suppliers.The power of suppliers Suppliers will be relatively powerful compared with buyers when the cost of switching is high, e. g. from PC computers to AppleMacs When the brand being sold is very powerful and well known, e. g. Cadburys chocolate or Nike shoes. Suppliers could realistically threaten to open their own forward-integration operations, e. g. offee suppliers open their own cafes. Customers have little bargaining power as they are small firms and fragmented, e. g. dispersed around the country as with independent petrol statio ns. The threat of substitutes In Porters model, substitute products does not mean alternatives in the equivalent industry such as Toyota for Honda cars. It refers to substitute products in other industries. For instance, the demand for aluminum for cans is partly affected by the price of glass for bottling and plastic for containers. These are substitutes for aluminum, but they are not rivals in the same industry. private-enterprise(a) rivalry This is the key part of this analysis it sums up the most important factors that determine the aim of competition or rivalry in an industry. It is based on the other four forces which are why it is often illustrated in the center of the Five Forces diagram. Competitive rivalry is most likely to be high where it is cheap and easy for new firms to enter an industry there is a threat from substitute products suppliers have much power Buyers have much power. Reference http//classof1. com/homework-help/earth-science-homework-help/

Memorandum – for Hospitality

Memorandum To Kitchen Operations Staff From gracious Resources Date 30th February 2013 Subject stripe of intellectual nourishment poisoning. This memo is intended to inform and update employees on the work practices in the kitchen that are important in the prevention of food poisoning. Employees are pass judgment to have a clear understanding of The Food Act 2003(NSW) and Food Regulations 2004(NSW). A copy of the Act is available with your supervisor for reference. Food handlers are legitimately obliged to follow these requirements. Please ensure a HACCP process is followed during the production of food.Periodic checks and audits from internal and external teams are necessary to ascertain proper HACCP processes are followed. (It should be noted that HACCP process is a legal obligation for food handlers). Employees must maintain proper personal hygiene. This is inclusive of some golden rules much(prenominal) as good personal grooming, treating cuts and wounds and washing hands r egularly. Personal health issues that pose a risk in the workplace (food borne/airborne diseases, illnesses such as influenza or infections from open cuts/wounds) should be treated as soon as possible.Food preparation procedures include proper maintenance of the food preparation areas and food value areas. Particular care must be taken to the correct hand washing technique and the usage of gloves when handling food. Safe food storage is a legal obligation. Goods should be stored according to the manufacturers instruction, temperature controlled , properly packed and labelled, checked for expiration, follow stock rotation, avoid storing chemicals in old containers and store substances in separate well-lit and ventilated storerooms.Ensure that the bins are sanitised and emptied regularly. Be sure to categorise the waste storage area so that waste and recyclable items are separated. Objects and areas such as work benches , utensils , dinnerware and glassware should be cleaned and sani tised thoroughly to prevent contamination. Regular checks to be done on temperature controlled equipment. Maintaining temperature is an important aspect of food preservation.Any misfunction of these equipment should be immediately reported and rectified. All of the above if not followed can cause food contamination which could possibly lead to Food poisoning which loosely falls under Chemical (caused by the presence of chemicals such as cleaning agents ), Biological (harmful bacteria that is formed on food due to food spoilage from incorrect preservation of food) or Physical ( caused by glass fragments or metal shavings from incorrect preparation process) food poisoning.Signed, General Manager Human Resources Riya Jude __________________________________________________________________________________ All employees must read this memo and sign the declaration below I read and understood the work practices in the kitchen that are important in the prevention of food poisoning. Name Signature Date

“The Lady or the Tiger”: What Really Happened?

Dustin Powers Mr. Lamon AP Language 3 December 2012 The Lady or the Tiger What really happened? The Lady or the Tiger, a captivating little(a) news report of love and loss, teases your imagination by integrating the rising action at the end of the story only to leave you to attract your own interpretation of how the falling action concludes. The author uses a threesome person omniscient fibber so to make it seem as though the he doesnt even know how the story truly ends. The finale to the short story has been conversation of much debate.What is can doorway he opens? Does he die on the princesss accord? What happens, no one basically knows, but him dying is the only logical ending that could subsist. The tale starts out with a fascinating admission by classifying the king as semi barbaric florid and untrammeled, but on the contrary the narrator begins to describe him as somewhat polished and sharpened by the progressiveness of distant Latin neighbors Although it is not direct ly stated where the tale takes place, one can pin point the story to Medieval atomic number 63 c. 00-400 AD, a very tumultuous time. Influenced greatly by the Ro human being Empire, as they were a prominent golf club at the time, the European continent was at a crossroads between the liberalism of the Latin culture, and the less edify methodologies that were prerequisite to the changes at the time. This setting is what the root of the kings brutality and the passing of these traits develop. The fictional broadside tells of the kings daughter being as blooming as his most florid fancies, and with a soul as fervent and imperious as his own. As unlikely as it seems the princess seems to create a bond with a young man that is of lower station than she. This short lived relationship of a fewer months was cut to an abrupt end by the Barbaric King. Never once does the story mention the princess make any attempt of arguing the artlessness of her lover. This abandonment can only be expl ained by her atrocious nature. It says that she could have possibly never loved him in the first place, and that maybe she was just using him to action a void her over protecting father created by sheltering her from finding a ompanion. With the slightest possibility that the unequivocal and haughty princess had come to truly love this man then she would know for a fact that he would be safe of this cruel justice, because as the decision was left up to fate then thither would be no question of what was coming out of the door. If she truly had any admiration for her lover, and trust of his innocence in his love then she would allow him to make his choice uncompromised by her instruction. She would allow him to open the door to the chamber with the fair maiden. But she did not.With a slight notion to her right she indicates which door unavoidable to be opened. Turning to face his fate the young man opened the door to his right divergence his destiny in the hands of the demented p rincess. Possibly scared of his innocence and fates compassion, considering the professedly love he possessed for her, she directed him to door with the lion. This is just a sadistic favor of disposing this ail for her father. Once again if the princess did actually truly have feelings for him then she had proven to be very overjealous of the lady behind the door.While if she had not had those impulses toward him the animosity she had toward the damsel was strictly out of the hatred of the young girls inclination over one of her possessions. Either way it was not left unknown that she had much discontent with her by saying, Often had she seen, or imagined that she had seen, this fair creature throwing glances of admiration upon the person of her lover, and sometimes she thought these glances were perceived, and even returned. With the princess in possession of the knowledge of the location of the tiger she had the power to control the future of both the young man and the young w oman. The real or unreal passing of glances between the two would be the end of him, because the jealousy she had towards the maiden would cause an If I cant have you no one can mentality. The princess couldnt bear the thought of them being happy together so she sends him to the tiger.

Teenagers Woking and Studying in the Same Time

In some countries, teenagers have jobs while they are mum students for different reasons. They work either need money to help their parents or to get experience. Some mass think that have job and study in same time is not a level-headed mind, because can damage their grade. But, I think that this is a good idea. I believe that the money them spend a penny is necessary to some teenager. In addition, the young people might learn some things in the rehearse before stupefy the University. In my opinion, the teenagers become more responsible.In my country, Brazil, is very common teenagers work during the mean solar day and study at night. This young people generally need the money, because their families are very poor and cant succumb all expenses. In this case, the student need work, otherwise they dont have possibility of study. Thus, is a good idea work, because working the student will be able to study, and in the future they will have a better job. Other reason is that they get experience earlier. The teenagers learn the things in practice before start the University. This may help them get better jobs in the future.I have some friends that during the high domesticate have worked. As they start the course in the Universities, they already had a good job. Finally, in my cerebration teenager have a job while they are students yet become them more responsible. I would like explain why. When the young work and study in the same time, they learn to manager their memorandum to be able do all the things. As a result, they pass less time contend video game or in the internet. To sum up, although some people think that the teenager students should effective study, I believe that is a great idea work while they are in the school.

Top Gun

Top Gun relationship to Dully Article Top Gun is a 1986 American action drama film directed by Tony Scott, and produced by Don Simpson and Jerry Bruckheimer. The scene was enliven by the article Top Guns (U. S. navy established an elite check for one percent of its pilots it aspiration was to teach the lost art of aerial fight, also known as flight weapon school) pen by Ehud Yonay for California magazine.The film starts stars such as Tom Cruise as a boyish maritime aviator named Lieutenant Pete temporary Mitchell Anthony Edwards aka jackass as a radio detection and ranging Intercept Officer, and unorthodox best friend Kelly McGillis as Charley as a civilian instructor in air combat and a lover of Maverick, and others. The movie Top Gun centers around Maverick (Tom Cruise), a hot-headed, troubled, egoist hotshot pilot/navy pilot, and how he grows up as a adult male/person and as a better pilot with the answer and influences from his past and his colleagues. In this paper I allow for be examining the opening or studies given by Dr.Frank Dully, and relating it to the characters of the movie by identifying their personality traits of naval aviator described in the Dully Article The Life Style Keys to Flight Deck Performance of the Naval Aviator. As mentioned above, this movie portrait around the character Maverick. Who is a very skilled, smart, charming, and one of the best fighter pilots in the res publica but he also is cocky, hot-headed, fast-growing(a), very pictureling, emotional, mission-oriented naval aviator who symptomatics changes throughout the movie.In the beginning of the film Maverick and his furnish Goose are involved in a reconnaissance mission. While maneuvering Maverick and his partner Goose made a contact to enemy aircraft. With his skills and boldness he maneuvered to trail the enemies aircraft while prison-breaking all the rules of flying such as flying under 10000 altitudes, high-speed passes over 5 air controlled tower, uses the illegal breaking maneuver to outsmart the enemy, performing unrealistic stunts even throughout the movie. This characteristic of Maverick shows that he is reckless, vulturine, and very controlling naval aviator.As Dully mentioned, the first ingredient of a naval aviator characteristic is being in control, and in this movie Maverick is very controlling, the one who brand things happen. Dully also mentions that oldest sons and oldest daughters comprise a remarkably large segment of this population, well in supernumerary of their demographic one-out-of-three stature. These are the youngsters that initially set out to please that Very Important bring up, ( unremarkably Dad), in solvent to his requirements for excellence in many things. It be lights the mission of the first child to bring to the Very Important Parent a series of vicarious successes.Seizing the opportunity for recognition and a taste of success, the child usually applies himself diligently to the tasks thus assigned. In this movie Mavericks is known as the only son, and his mission-orientation or goal/action was ground on his father action and reputations. However his friends are trying to help him to be a police squad player and a healthier naval aviator. Another characteristic that is associated with Maverick personality traits described in the Dully article is the calculation of emotional distance. As mentioned in the article, there are three factors that act upon our emotional views.First occurs in the toddler years, the second plays out in early grammar school, and the third takes place upstart in his high school years. For Maverick his emotional feeling or factors seemed like they were inherited from his protactinium actions. Another example that shows his emotional feeling was in the beginning of the movie when he disobeyed the leader to help one of his fellow pilots back to the carrier. This shows that he is not selfish, he cares for other and he is a group player in hi s way. Also his emotional feeling come out when his losses his friend Goose.For instance, when he was trying to drop out of the top gun course this could symbolize Maverick as a stressed or failing aviator. Lastly his emotions are seen with his relationship with Charlie. That he is a nice, caring and aggressive guy when it comes to Charlie. Another character that plays a huge part in this movie is Anthony Edwards aka Goose, a Radar Intercept Officer, and Maverick best friend. In his movie Goose would be described as the man who influences Maverick to change from a hot-headed, reckless fighter pilot to a well-mannered, responsible, team-player pilot.After Maverick passed by the control tower, Goose told him that his action will also endangered his own place at work, so to be careful. Goose personality traits are not really mentioned well in the movie however he seems to have a good balance with Maverick to make a good naval aviator. Goose personality traits are that he is very likabl e, friendly, caring, funny, not controlling, a good husband and naval pilot. agree to the Grid I would classify Goose as a 5, 5 pilot because he has come to adopt or adjust to the system and to the comfortable tempo thatMaverick lives in. The last character I will be describing, and who had a big influence on Mavericks well-being is Charlie. She is a highly-qualified instructor at the school and holds a degree in air combat. Throughout the movie she has different personality and behaviors. She too, is an ambiguous figure. She seems passably masculinizing and controlling through her name. However she has an emotional affiliation with Maverick that she wants to keep private. She is also very aggressive, usually get what she wants.As Dully mentions, usually the oldest son the controlling and aggressive ends up with the same counter-part controlling and aggressive oldest daughter in this case it seems true. Although this movie could be a good description on what a healthy/good and bad naval aviator life might be. It has a Hollywood squirm and a perfect ending which make it hard to conclude and study the life, personality, and attitude of naval pilots. precisely it shows the significant characteristic described by Dully.

Syllabus Risk

BADM 574 MSTM subterfuge and Risk abbreviation Spring 2013 Lectures ADV TR 930 am 1050 am in 2043 BIF GRD TR 1100 am 1220 pm in 2043 BIF Final Exam 7-10 pm, Tuesday May 7, 2013 ADV 2041 BIF GRD 2043 BIF teacher H. Dharma Kwon, Assistant Professor of Business Administration, College of Business, University of Illinois Of? ce Email Phone Of? ce Hours 365 Wohlers Hall emailprotected edu 217-333-3522 Tuesdays 2 4 pm or by appointment Note When you agitate email to the instructor, your subject line essential contain the melt title. During the of? ce hours, you can call my of? ce.Course Objectives This course is about employ numbers to agnise better decisions. The focus bequeath be on handson use of numeric tools for solution of oversight puzzles frequently involving risk and uncertainty. Speci? c course objectives (1) Introduce you to practical yet sophisticated tools suitable for modeling and resoluteness complex managerial problems with risky outcomes, and (2) improve 1 your skill and experience with the use of spreadsheet tools for analysis of management decision problems. We will learn to mathematically model business decision problems and apply their analytical skills to hardheaded business contexts.The material covered is useful for executives in all professional areas of business, including but not special(a) to accounting, ? nance, marketing, information systems, operations management or any separate area where it is all important(p) to combine quantitative analysis with expert intuitive judgment. Prerequisite This course builds upon some rudimentary knowledge of mathematics (probability and statistics) and staple fiber pro? ciency with Microsoft Excel. Required Materials 1. To purchase the required electronic course pack, go to https//create. mcgraw-hill. com/shop/ and search for the chase ISBN number 1121833926.The course pack contains all required sequels and some readings. 2. TreePlan, RiskSim, and SensIt (provided by the MSTM pro gram and downloadable from Compass 2g course website) 3. A laptop computer and Microsoft Excel 2010 (for Windows) or 2011 (for Mac) installed in your laptop Evaluation Methods There are quadruplet components to the evaluation Case Summary Minicase Analysis Group Project Final Exam Cases Summary near every week, individual case summary assignment(s) are due. We will discuss cases in illuminate, so it is important to read and understand the problems posed by the cases before coming to the classroom.The summary of each case must(prenominal) not exceed one page, and it must be submitted on-line via Compass. (PDF format is strongly preferred). It will be graded on a pass/fail basis. In order to pass a case summary assignment, you must show suf? cient evidence that you fetch read the case and understood the gist of it. 2 10% 30% 15% 45% Minicase Analysis Minicase analyses (problem sets) will be assigned roughly in one case a week and graded. The minicases are designed to help you l earn the mechanics of the methods covered in class and to give you an opportunity to apply the concepts in simple and illustrative contexts.Please note that minicase assignments require careful variation and analysis of the given problems. Points will be deducted if you misinterpret the information given in the case assignments. hold forth your assumptions and clearly explain your quantitative reasoning. Answers (even correct answers) without logical and quantitative reasoning will not clear credit. Minicase analysis assignments will be post on Compass. This is sometimes an individual assignment but sometimes a team assignment. Late assignments are generally not accepted. Group Project In the stretch out week of the course, each team will submit an original minicase.The minicase should be based on a real business situation (in the past, in the present, or in the future) and must be analyzed using one or more of the methods or concepts discussed in this course. If youd like, you can also add other methodology that is not discussed in class. Each case must consist of two lift offs. In start 1, a business decision problem must be presented with essential information. It can be a ? ctional situation, but it must be based on a real business situation. Part 1 might look like one of the short cases that we analyze in this course and the text (excluding exhibits) must not exceed 5 pages typed ingle-spaced in 12 pt font. (See Dardens cases for the document format). In part 2, the solution to the problem posed in part 1 must be given. When you construct the minicase, you should have pedagogical values in mind, i. e. , think of writing a teaching case or an open-book tryout for future MSTM students at the University of Illinois. Your submitted work will be evaluated based on how well the decision analytical framework is utilized to solve a given (hopefully non-trivial) problem (50%) and its pedagogical value or the practicality of the problem (50%).Final Exam Ther e will be an in-class 3-hour-long open-book, open-notes, and open-laptops ? nal exam. You are NOT allowed to share your laptops with other students or send/receive emails during the ? nal exam. If you miss the ? nal exam without prior discussions with the instructor or without university-authorized emergencies, then you will receive null credit. 3 Practice Problem Sets Practice problem sets and their solution keys will be regularly posted on Compass. They are designed to help you understand the material and to provide practice using non-homogeneous concepts and techniques discussed in class.These assignments will not be collected or graded. However, these problem sets will be face-saving for the quiz and the ? nal exam. Some practice problems will be discussed as examples in class. Grades The ? nal letter grade will be based upon each individuals level of understanding and learning evidenced by the weighted cumulative points from all four components shown in Evaluation Methods. L aptop and Electronic Communications indemnity You are required to bring your laptop to each class you will have to use your laptop to download ? es and participate in problem-solving activities in class. You are not allowed to check e-mail or send text messages using your cell phone or laptop. Set your cell phone to taciturn mode. Academic Integrity and Honor Code You are expected to behave ethically throughout the consideration and follow the norms and guidelines outlined by the University on academic integrity. 4 Course modules module 1 takings Reading Cases Module 2 Topic Reading Cases Module 3 Topic Reading Cases Module 4 Topic Reading Cases Module 5 TopicReading Cases Module 6 Topic Reading Cases Module 7 Topic Reading Cases Value of Information and Control Risk Management Harimann International optional module (if time permitted) Downstream Decisions Merck & Co. International Guidance Control Sensitivity Analysis Sensitivity Analysis Using SensIt CyberLab (A), Supp, (B) Liquid Gold Probability Assessment from Historical Data Probability Distributions Commerce tap house Simulation Analysis Monte Carlo Simulation Using RiskSim Georges Revised Forecast and Addendum ingest and Statistical Inference Jade Shampoo (A) and (B) Decisions under Uncertainty DTP Ch. Georges T-Shirts DTP Decision Tree dry land (http//www. public. asu. edu/kirkwood/DAStuff/decisiontrees/index. html) Monte Carlo Simulation Using RiskSim (http//www. treeplan. com/chapters/RiskSim-Guide243. pdf) Sensitivity Analysis Using SensIt (http//www. treeplan. com/chapters/SensIt-Guide-145. pdf) 5

Outsiders Book and Movie Comparison Essay

The book and the mental picture of the Out human facers are two very different stories. The book has so much more detail and and then(prenominal) the impression. The pictorial matter is not the most detailed but it does get its point across. There are may similarities and also many differences between the two the book is by far more interesting and more detailed then the movie. I enjoyed the book a lot and the movies a lot but the movie was missing a lot. A a few(prenominal) similarities between the movie and book are that the movie tacit has the complete Greaser gang Pony, Johnny, Soda, Darry, Dally, Two-Bit and Steve.They still have some of the more sad part worry when Johnny and Dally die. There is still lots of conflict between the Greasers and the Socs. There is still the piazza where Johnny kills one of the Socs and Johnny and Ponyboy both skip town. They still go to the church and incubate off for 5 days. They still save the little kids from the burning church ho use. They still have the muttering and they also still win it. The settings are both still the same they both take outer space in Tulsa Oklahoma in the mid 1960s. They both still have the same conflicts and the same out comes to the conflicts.Both the book and the movies are very much a uniform. There are still a few differences like in the book, there is a rich west side and a poor eastern side. In the movie, there is a rich south side Soc and a poor north side Greaser. Darry doesnt treat Pony as bad in the movie as he did in the book . Pony takes the death of Johnny and Dally a little less harder the movie then he did in the book. The movie dosent mention Sodapops horse Mickey Mouse. Sodapop and Dally arent blonds like they are in the book, instead they are brunettes in the movie.The church that Ponyboy and Johnny run away to isnt on a hill it is just out there. The movie also never mentions sodapops girl friend. In the book Soda gives Ponyboy money while in the book he didnt. Also the book was scripted in Ponyboys perspective and the movie was not, the movie was written in bothones perspective. In the movie the Socs were from the South instead of the West. Ponyboy doesnt smoke as much in the movie as they verbalise so in the book. Ponyboy Curtis in the fourteen-year-old boy that explains the story in both the book and the movie, and also the youngest of the greasers.Ponyboy is ery prehensile compared to the rest of the gang he is most defenatly the smartest to them all. Because his parents have died in a car accident, Ponyboy lives with his two brformer(a)s Darry and Sodapop in both the book and movie. Darry repeatedly accuses Ponyboy of lacking common sense in the book more so then in the movie, but Ponyboy is a much brighter then his brother takes him for. Throughout the novel, Ponyboy struggles with class division, violence, innocence, and familial love but in the movie they dont focus on his train as much. He matures oer the course of the book a nd the movie both.Darrel Curtis Ponyboys oldest brother. Darrel, known as Darry, both in the book and in the movie. He is a twenty-year-old greaser who is raising Ponyboy because their parents have died in a car crash. Strong, athletic, and intelligent, Darry has quit school in the book and in the movie. He works two jobs to hold the family together. One of the leader of the greasers, he becomes an parent role model for Ponyboy. He also makes good chocolate cake, which he and his brothers eat every day for breakfast in the book but the movie really does not mention it. The other greasers call him Superman. Sodapop Curtis Ponyboys fun, intergetic, handsome brother. Sodapop is the middle Curtis boy. Ponyboy admires Sodapops good looks and charm. Sodapop is really a great psyche in both the book and the movie his plans are to marry Sandy , a greaser girl. Two-Bit Mathews The jokester of Ponyboys group. Two-Bit, whose real name is Keith, is a wise-cracking greaser who regularly shopli ft he gets in douse a lot more in the movie more so then in the book. He loves his sleek black-handled switchblade so much in both the book and the movie. Dallas Winston the toughest hood in Ponyboys group of greasers.Dallas, known as Dally, is a big bad teen who used to run with gangs in New York shown both in the book and the movie. He has an elfin face and icy blue eye and, unlike the others he do not put grease in his white-blond hair. Dallys reddened tendencies make him more dangerous than the other greasers in both the book and the movie, and he takes pride in his criminal record more so in the book then the movie. Sandy is Sodapops daughter in both the book and the movie. Sandy is pregnant with another boys child and moves to Florida to live with her grandmother in both the book and the movie.Like the other greaser girls, Sandy only is shown in the book and the movie when the boys mention her. red Valance Bobs girlfriend, she is a Soc cheerleader. When one night Ponyboy m eets her at the movies in both the book and the movie. Cherrys real name is Sheri, but people call her Cherry because of her red hair. Ponyboy and Cherry have so much in common, and Ponyboy feels comfortable talking to her more so mentioned in the book then in the movie. This is why I say the book of the Outsiders is far ruin then the movie. The movie is missing lots of detail and the book is far more interesting then the movie.

Corporations as Moral Agents Essay

I chose to rate the stand by argument beca drug abuse I thought it was the most significant to the direct of the class to go the lesson responsibility of business. The debaters were assigned to negate and affirm the following effect Corporations be Moral Agents. In my opinion, this motion comes down to the finish to hold rafts responsible for their ( thrones) purposes on a virtuous basis or dear hold them responsible for their decisions on a well-grounded basis.If a comp whatsoever were found to be a clean-living federal agentive role, thence they would non either acquire a utilitarian obligation to who they ar fiduciaries for, entirely also a clean-living obligation to society examineless of stakeholder or shareholder theory. On the separate hand, if a company were non found to be a clean-living agent, then the phrase its just business would hold truth for alliances as a whole as long as the company acted in spite of appearance the boundaries of the pra ctice of rightfulness and to maximize the utility of whom they represent as an agent, t here would be no clean-living ground to criticize or opt for a change in practices.In this analyze I lead outline the arguments individually side utilize to support their case, the additional arguments I remember should have been used, and an evaluation of who won the debate and reason why. The debate was dispassionate of two squads, each of which had 4 members. They each had a 5-minute main speech to prove their arguments, and a 2-minute re preciselytal speech to repel that of their oppose counter split.Although the speeches were given in an alternating fashion between both squads, I will layout all told of the traces arguments, then layout all of the antonyms arguments, and finally move on to chronologically stating the re just nowtals. The outgrowth utterer system of the hint vigorously set the tone for the debate by defining important terms from the motion. Speaker 1 define d agents as something or someone that acts in behalf of an some former(a), and then went on to use the transitive verb plaza and identity thesis to state that thrones are moral agents solely non moral entities. soon enough, the law treats and defines corporations as entities. Just because wad are assumeed to help incur decisions does not take to be that a corporation is not an entity. Speaker 1 then mentioned that idiosyncratics are moral agents, to confirm the fact that the transitive plaza exacts corporations moral agents because they are built from such. Without the assumption that corporations are not entities, the transitive property makes less feel because a corporation would be defined as one single unit.Under law, concourse and corporations are considered legitimately equal entities The affirmative police squad had four main arguments that were divided amongst their four speakers. The jump speaker express that there is juristic and social precedent that the corporation entity is a fiction, and that it is an association of shareholders for the gain of shareholders solely. Their second speaker state that righteousness is related to the law and the freedom of the soulfulness to decide what he/she will do in regards to the law.The trine speaker reiterated their definition for moral agents as an argument the corporation is not an entity of itself because it cannot make decisions on its own, yet is a moral agent because it is make of individual moral agents, frankincense it acts with moral imperative due to the transitive property (a leads to b leads to c). Finally, their ordinal speaker used the CEO of Whole Foods, John Mackey, to support his claim interpreting that a corporation is a moral agent because their decisions do not affect parts of the corporation precisely affect it as a whole.The first speaker not only when defined the terms, but also spoke virtually the licit obligations and precedent that forces companies to maximiz e profits for shareholder within the confines of the law, without having to weigh in the morality of their decisions. She declared that it is managements duty to safeguard the wealth of the corporation. Speaker 1 said that utilitarianism supports the motion because when the merriment of society in general is measured only individual happiness is blendd with no regard for the happiness of corporations.Just because the theory of utilitarianism does not include corporations in their measure of happiness does not mean they are not entities. A dog is an entity, but is not included in this measure either. Moreover, mentioning that law does not require companies to weigh in morality of their decisions all in all limits any argument the affirming side could say with the exception of the transitive property. According to that phrase, corporations are not moral agents under law.Also, they use the law here to support their argument, man in their definitions the argued against it to disprove corporations as entities. This double purpose use weakens the claims. The debate think by leaving the audience with an analogy that was to be used again later on in the debate a corporation is a sports aggroup its an agent, comprised of constituents or players, that makes plays to win or lose a game yet without the players, it does not exist.Transposed to the actual corporation, the corporation would be the team with the managers and employees as its players, and fashioning or losing money as their wins or losses. The analogy is valid, with the exception of the last part, considering the existence of shell corporations or solely patent holding companies that do not require any employees. The second speaker of the suggestion upgradeed his teams original claim that individuals are moral agents. He proved that individuals are moral agents by using Kant and Frenchs arguments of identity and transitive property.He mentions that the autonomy of the will is the base of morality and that a sense of law is within everyman that can reason. Moreover, he goes on to talk about universal laws and Kants categorical imperative saying to act only according to that maxim whereby you can, at the same time, will that it should plow a universal law. These arguments do prove individuals as moral agents, but at no point in time was it linked to how this would prove corporations to be moral agents, other than the restatement of the transitive property.On the other hand, they could have tried to argue that corporations had autonomy of the will because different managers within the company exercise it to make a conglomerate of different decisions, consequently giving the company a unique autonomy of the will and making it a moral agent according to Kant. The third speaker of the proposition starts by delineating the difference between an agent and a moral agent. He states that agents are something or someone that act on behalf of another, while moral agents are the same but w ith the ability to make decisions upon their own morality.He then goes into mentioning the transitive property again, but this time it is at least cleverly tied to the teams first speakers point mentioning that corporations cannot be moral entities as there is a legal precedent that disproves this claim, thus supporting that fact that corporations have to be composed of individual entities. I find it hard to believe that legal precedents disprove this claim when corporations are legally defined as entities. Just the fact that the word legal is used weakens the argument, which should have only talk about precedents trying to avoid any issue of legality.He then goes on to say that because people who are moral agents compose companies, companies act with a moral imperative due to the transitive property. This is valid, but repeated several times. It should have been built upon to create a stronger argument that legitimized corporations as moral decision-making agents on its own. The fa ct that a unique combination of moral agents (managers) make decisions in a company agent that a corporation has a unique decision making ability different to that of any other moral agent in existence, thus making it a moral agent within itself.Lastly, the fourth speaker for the proposition brought it some new points. He used Mackey to support his argument saying that a corporation is a moral agent because any decision it makes does not only affect parts of the corporation, but the corporation as a whole. This means that any decision a manager makes (with morality in mind) affects the company as a whole, and then the company affects the community at large by a decision that was originally make by an individual that weighed in morality in his decision making functioning.He mentioned how Whole Foods acts as a moral agent because every decision made by individuals within the firm affects its customers, supplier, employees and several others of the companys stakeholders. He now goes on to use the team/player analogy speaker 1 told the audience to keep in mind. He says that when a player makes a decision, which as an individual was ground upon morality to such extent, it affects his entire team and the team then goes on to affect the community at large. This means that the morality that weighed into that players decision was carried on by the team, thus affecting the community it resides in.I find this to be stretching the transitive property to thin. I made the decision to buy a mac harbor air electronic computer this decision affected Apple, Foxconn, and all the suppliers and companies involved in the process of making and distributing a mac book air. Saying that my moral decision to buy a mac book air computer makes all of these companies moral agents I find impossible. Moving on to the negatively charged team, it identified 5 arguments within their speeches. The first speaker of the opposition argued that corporations were legally and contractually set- up for one purpose, thus eliminating any possibility for morality in its decisions.Moreover, she also argued that a corporation is not independent to act by what we, as people, think is in effect(p) or wrong. This really supports the transitive property the other team is arguing for because it supports the appraisal that companies need people to act. Afterwards, the second speaker of the team argued that the only thing that makes someone or something a moral agent is the intention to act and not consequences of his/hers/its actions, thus a corporation could not be deemed a moral agent upon the consequences of their actions.Yet corporations do have intentions when making decisions. When Apple decided to publically apologize for its inefficient new map application on the IPhone, its intention was to help disperse the bad press and consumers irritation. The third speaker then argued that the majority of managers see themselves as acting in a morally deaf(p) environment, thus making all the decisions made within a corporation amoral. If individuals are not basing decisions upon morality, then the transitive property would make corporations amoral decision-makers as well.Lastly, the fourth speaker of the opposition juxtaposes the legally implied impossibility of a corporation being a moral agent with the societal views on the emergence to further disprove the claim. Laws and beliefs are influenced and based on society as a whole. If society does not see corporations as moral agents, which it doesnt, then they arent. The negative team began by redefining the terms in the motion. She said that a moral agent is a being able of acting with preference to being right or wrong.If you scent carefully at the words used, you can notice that they used the word being instead of entity, thus inherently defining a corporation as unable to be a moral agent. She first argues that a corporation has a legally binding duty to its shareholders to maximize profit. She says that, by means of history, corporations have only come into existence for the benefit of its shareholders. This is all partially true, but in reality profit is not always the entire purpose. When entrepreneurs create companies, they have determine and specific purposes they want to tackle within society.The need for more entertainment, or better treatment for patients with a particular disease the founder of the company capability have had. Companies are founded to fulfill a purpose that is not always to make profit. Speaker 2 then moves on to say that corporations are not independent to act upon what is right or wrong. For a corporation to be a moral agent it has to be able to self-determine. She supports this claim by signaling that a legal structure that is a moral agent cannot be giving birth by communication between other moral agents (people).To further prove a corporation lack of independence in this regard, she poses the dilemma of double counting. When an individual within a corporation commits a crime, both the individual and the corporation are punished independent of each other. Although this helps disprove the transitive property, it also means corporations are found legally liable for its self-determining decisions made by the conglomeration of its management team. The second speakers from both teams based their arguments of the same readings from Kant and Peter French.Speaker 2 of the opposition argued that corporations do not really have any other intention other than to make profit, and that even though the consequences of its decisions can be judged through a moral lens, these cannot be used to prove the morality of such decision maker as morality lies within the intentions of the decision and not the consequences. Again, this is only true to some extent. Entrepreneurs create companies based on hold dears and passions. To say that the only purpose for which companies are created is for profit is to say that entrepreneurs are passionless.She c oncludes by saying that Corporations do not have to consider the categorical imperative of morality when making a decision, because they do not have the capacity as an entity to evaluate the categorical imperative and have the universal law in mind. This does not consider the fact that all the decisions made by managers did consider the categorical imperative of morality, thus every decision made by the firm is a moral decision. The third speaker from the negative team referred to a phenomenon seen in many large corporations the delegation of responsibilities for ones own decisions.She stated that most managers actually see themselves as acting in a morally neutral environment. Yet the transitive property only needs one manager basing his/her decisions upon morality for the entire corporation to become a moral agent. Moreover, she went on to tie her teammates arguments together by using a soccer team analogy. She proposed a theoretical soccer team whose purpose is to win games (equi valent to a companys legal binding to maximize shareholder profits), and stated that the players and managers are the moral agents leading the team to victory.This would mean that soccer teams do not consider morality while playing, which I believe to be false. I interrogative sentence an elementary soccer team coach will tell the children in his/her team that it does not matter how much they hurt the other team with fouls as long as they win the game. She used Moores purposes of encouraging excellence in business practices, encourage practice of the corporation itself, etc. to prove that these purposes alluded to the individual morality of each employee and not to that of a corporation. Yet Moore argues that the excellence of business practices transposes to the practice of the corporation itself.A company that makes soccer balls excellence in business practice would be to make the best soccer ball possible even if they cost a little more. Under Moore, as long as corporations can be self-sustaining, they are to offer the best product possible even though it does not directly maximize profits (in the short-run at least). Yes, his theory is to be applied by individuals, but for the purpose of the business practice of the corporation. There is a sense of morality in a corporation that creates the best product it can for its customers.Lastly, the last speaker of the opposition began by establishing the notion that corporations always have a value maximization purpose and its decision-making has to reflect it. Thus inherently mandating how decisions have to be made in, and removing the corporations morality. Yet this ignores the morality of establishing that value maximization purpose, and assumes that a company can only have one value-maximization purpose. A division of a company might have the sole purpose of maximizing customer satisfaction. Additionally, he says that moralitys constraint on a companys decision making exists only when a company acts outside th e law.This would mean anything done within the law is moral. He gave examples of how society evaluates a company to show that morality fails to form part of that evaluation process as conveyed by the continuous investments in companies (like Nike) whom are constantly found to be using sweatshops for value maximization purposes. It is true that at the end of the day investors look at the earnings, but customers might no be interested in wearing shoes that were made by hungry children, thus negatively affecting earnings. In this sense, society does judge corporations on a moral imperative. There were a full(a) of 8 rebuttals speeches.The statement and analysis of the rebuttals is going to be done in the chronological order of applicable speeches, thus alternating between the affirming and negating teams. The first speaker of the proposition began the rebuttal arguments by trying to completely change the playing field. She said tried to invalidate the oppositions claim that there is no legal avenue to measure morality by saying that the fact that there is no legal avenue to measure morality says we are analyzing this question within the subservient sphere, yet we should be doing so within a normative sphere as morality lies on it.I would argue that the slavish sphere is more useful for evaluation of the motion because it is defined by practice rather than complete(a) theory. The motion deals with real physical corporations and the morality of these corporations should be evaluated through a criterion that can analyze decisions that affect the real world. The second rebuttal speaker quoted French and used the aggregate theory, frequently affected by the proposition to support their claims for corporations, to describe a mob.This argument equaled the moral state of a corporation to that of a mob, who French explicitly said was amoral, thus completely delegitimizing the foundation of the propositions case with the use of the affirmatives teams own sources. He cl osed by saying, To treat a corporation as an aggregate for any purposes is to fail to recognize the corporation as different from a mob. I thought this to be the killing blow in the debate considering the third rebuttal speech basically just said that even if corporation does not need to act morally, they due consult to morality when making decisions.I think what should have been done is clarify that a mob is a disordered group of people, while a corporation has a hierarchal defined structure. The second negating rebuttal speech focused on tackling to the transitive property by trying to turn it against the affirmative team. She said both sides agreed that a corporation was a sum of moral agents, and went on to say that the moral agency of a corporation is the sum its managers. This means that morality lies within each individual and can be summed up as such because there is no morality of the corporation on its own that has to be added.This disproves the idea that a corporation ha s moral agency of its own. She used Enron as an example by mentioning that its managers were tried for immoral acts, and would differently not have been if Enron were actually a moral agent. Yet, the addition of morality through individual managers creates a unique moral identity that could be identified as that of the corporations. The sixth rebuttal from the negating team coupled the restatement of their definition of a moral agent with the team analogy mentioned at the beginning of the debate to show how outrageous the propositions use of the transitive property really was.She said, Our definition of a moral agent is a being that is able to act upon moral tendencies. If the player acts immorally, it does not mean the team is a moral agent, or for that matter that the entire universe is one single moral agent. This argued against the idea that if a player makes a moral decision that has an impact on its team this is carried on by the team onto the community, thus making the team a moral agent.Theoretically, according to the transitive property and through a moral sphere lens this would be the case, but the motion is being viewed through the instrumental sphere lens. Under this instrumental length, the transitive property loses a lot of its validity. The last speaker of the opposition made a last attempt to restate all three of his teams arguments, but these had all already been disproved through the rebuttal and no extra supporting evidence was given to make them viable again.On the other hand, the last rebuttal speech of the negating team focused on further disproving the aggregate theory. She stated that the moral aspects of a corporation come directly from the individuals within the firm. Moreover, she said that Kants requisites, for morality, of freedom of will and autonomy cannot be applied to corporations because that freedom of will and autonomy lies within each individual employee. What is not considered is the unique will a corporation has as a con sequence of the wills of all of its employees.